Juvenile Crime And Treatment Causes Of Adolescent Atrocity Essays

Juvenile Crime And Treatment: Causes Of Adolescent Atrocity Maralyn Moul Mr. Gluckman Period 3 April 9, 1998 Juvenile Crime and Treatment: Causes of Adolescent Atrocity In a small town like Haddon Township, crime does not seem like a serious issue. Small crimes such as vandalism may be looked at as immense. In other parts of the country though, crime is much more serious. There are places where teenagers are being convicted of murder. Some of these teenagers are also receiving the death penalty. The United States is one of the only four countries in the world who puts minors on death row. The juvenile crime rate in America has been increasing steadily for years. A young black man, Shareef Cousin, has been put on death row for a crime he was convicted of, killing a 25-year old white man. Shareef was only 16 when he was convicted and sentenced (Farley). Most of the teens who are convicted of committing these murders have experienced some sort of abuse at some point in their lives. Robert Anthony Carter was put on death row for crimes he allegedly committed then he was 17. Carter was a victim of child abuse. He had been hit in the head with a brick, baseball bat, dinner plates, to name a few. His abuse and injuries weren't treated. His IQ is 74 making him semiretarded. This information was not brought up at his trial and could have significantly changed the outcome (Farley). In the United Sates, Twelve out of 50 states have juveniles on death row (Atlanta). Why are we one of only a few countries who dares to put a juvenile on death row? Among the adolescents on death row, the family histories revealed distinctive signs such as sexual abuse, violence between parents, extreme violence with weapons by family members, physical abuse, parental alcoholism, and parental psychiatric hospitalizations (Crespi 353). Child abuse has a substantial effect on many juvenile, as well as hardened, criminals. The adolescents were ashamed by their parents brutal behavior and tried to hide and limit the information. This was a factor of abuse not being brought up in the court and eventually bringing on the death sentence (Crespi 353). Dr. Janis F. Breme tells a story, ?I know of one 1987 case in New Jersey where a 9-year old boy was sodomized at least 10 times by his stepfather. The boy was embarrassed and ashamed and his stepfather threatened him with more harm if he told anyone.' ?When he became 12, he did the same thing to his 9-year old brother. The 9-year old brother didn't tell anyone. Then he, the brother, did the same thing to a 5-year old boy in their neighborhood' (Barringer A16). If a child witnesses or experiences abuse, whether mental, physical, or sexual, they are likely to bring what they see with them and imitate it. ?Little boys who witness or suffer domestic abuse too often grow up to be batterers themselves; little girls grow up to be victims' (O'Hair). Young people who have killed have the right to get rehabilitation. We have a responsibility to do so. ?If we believe that people can be reformed, can be helped, can benefit from therapy' (Godfrey and Beich). The solutions aren't easy. But surely one place to start is the very first place that young people witness or experience violence. It's in the home that many young people learn that guns, knives, or fists are a means of power and control. It's in the home where they learn to takeout their rage and frustration on helpless and innocent bystanders. It's in the home where they learn that violence works (O'Hair). Child abuse is not always a factor in the behavior of juveniles. many victims of abuse do not go on to be abusers-particularly if their family and peers reinforce healthy attitudes toward sexuality, and if they have a relative they care for and can confide in' (Barringer A16). Peer pressure is also a factor in crime amongst adolescents. A 12-year old boy and a group of his friends kidnapped a 13-year old girl and hang raped and tortured her. This boy's mother is afraid of him. ?The perverse effect of setting an absolute threshold is that

Narrative in Its a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World Essay Example

Narrative in Its a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World Essay Example Narrative in Its a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World Essay Narrative in Its a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World Essay Essay Topic: Hilarious Narrative Its a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World is an American motion picture directed by Stanley Kramer about the madcap pursuit of $350,000 of stolen cash by a diverse and colourful group of strangers. Even before its release in 1963 it was well established as comedy caper, with a huge ensemble cast of some of the eras finest comedians and comic actors. Due to the changes made in cinema over the last four decades a modern day audience may not understand many of the verbal-jokes, and yet it is obvious through many of the visual-gags that this film played on many comedic techniques, as well as influencing other movies to this day, such a Rat Race, and most likely any modern day caper one can think of. There are three ways to categorize film genres; setting, mood, and format. The films location is defined as the setting; the emotional charge carried throughout the film is known as its mood; the film may also have been shot using particular equipment or presented in a specific manner, or format. However, there is much controversy as to whether film genre identifies merely the general overtone of the film or defines the films style. Some have argued that genre needs to be distinguished from film style. A films style concerns the choices made about cinematography, editing, and sound, and a particular style can be applied to any genre. Whereas film genres identify the manifest content of film, film styles identify the manner by which any given films genre(s) is/are rendered for the screen. Style may be determined by plot structure, scenic design, lighting, cinematography, acting, and other intentional artistic components of the finished film product. Others argue that this distinction is too simplistic, since some genres are primarily recognizable by their styles. Many historians debate whether film noir truly is a genre rather than a style of film-making often emulated in the periods heyday. The opening credits of the movie are animated, which was not uncommon for the period in which it was made, especially for comedy movies. This establishes the films genre before an actor has even crossed the screen, as it relies on the audiences previous knowledge of what might be expected from such a film with an animated opening. The animation is essentially a visual representation of the title, as it shows a globe being distorted and manipulated in various ways which mirror certain events of the movie. This animation is actually a 3 minute round up of the movie, as it displays key events in chronological order and gives the audience a sneak preview of some of the hilarity that will ensue come the start of the movie. As well as the small tidbits of prophetic animation, absurdist humour is also something used throughout this movie; present from the opening credits, and continued into the very narrative of the film. This surrealism is carried over to cinematographical, performance and editing aspects of the movie. This can be described as form-imitating-meaning, in the sense that the movies bizarre premise, of four complete strangers looking for the buried three-hundred and fifty gees of a crazed old man they find dying near the road, is reflected in the canted camera angles, the alternating of fast and slow shot changes and the manner in which the four men speak. This form of outlandish and slightly eccentric comedy was common in the 1960s, and was copied relentlessly with movies such as Help! This queer manner of presenting a movie proved popular with audiences, as it lent itself to heightening the humour present in the more conventional gags of 60s slapstick comedy. Contradictions are frequently used throughout this film, both verbal and visual, and are integral to the overall narrative of the piece, as they reflect the madness the title is referring to, as well as adding to the absurd and illogical atmosphere. Lines such as I am a liar and The only thing you are sure of is that nothing is sure are frequently used in this movie, marking the instances where deception and dishonesty occur. This adds to the comedy on numerous levels, as no character within the movies immediately catches on to the betrayal at hand when such a contradictory line is said, despite it being made painfully obvious the audience. This form of humour, where a character misses or misunderstands a situation, and ends up in some form of hilarious predicament is a staple mark of slapstick comedy caper m ovies, going hand in hand with the humour associated with a characters ignorance. One must remember the era of film production this was created in, as many of the jokes used in this movie are now considered to be clichà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½, and act almost as stereotypes for a comedy movie. However, at the time humour like this was considered to be highly sophisticated, and often reflected the comic-styling of whom ever was portraying a certain character The film opens on a stretch of curved, winding road somewhere in the Southern California desert. The camera follows the progress of a black car as it haphazardly weaves in between the truck and three cars that are driving ahead of him, as he does this car horns and loud, screeching tires can be heard. This gives the impression that the occupant of the black car has little regard for other drivers, and is either driving at breakneck speed to get somewhere soon, or he is being chased. This immediately sets the tone for the rest of the movie, starting as they mean to go on, as it were. This opening shot establishes the movie to have a theme of fast, dangerous car chases with highly comical consequences. The shot cuts to one inside the black car, shot from the backseat, so only the back of the driver can be seen; his rigid stance, with his elbows sticking out and his knuckles white over the driving wheel, coupled with his continuous honking of his horn are very telling to the viewer rega rding what this character is like and solidifies the previous assumption that he is in fact running away from something. The very fact that the camera is only focusing on the black car and its occupant tells the audience that he is an important character to the plot. Following this, we see the black car and its driver veer off the road and over a small cliff. At this point many techniques which are more commonly associated with action films are utilized, such as rapid zoom in, slow motion and viewing the car from multiple angles as it flies off the road. It can be easily argued that this is an example of satire, as the techniques used seem to be highly exaggerated; with the slow motion descent of the car being incredibly lengthy, and changing shot angle and perspective no less than 15 times. Satire is something common in all forms of comedy, and generates response in a movie as it allows a viewer to relate what theyve just seen to the original format; these mental comparisons expand the sense of surrealism already present in the movie, and show how important that sense of strangeness is vital to the movie. Perhaps this movies most obvious comic device is the use of visual metaphors; when the man in the black car is dying; with his last breath he quite literally kicks the bucket. This technique is used over and over in the film, using physical slapstick comedy to provide an unspoken narrative which is easily understood and greatly enjoyed by the audience. Overall, I believe this movie uses its style to effortlessly convey its meaning and narrative. However, I believe it would be unfair to say that this movie used generic genre conventions, as there were none at the time of its creation. If anything, this movie started certain generic genre traits, and influences many films even to this day.

Letter from Birmingham Jail by Martin Luther King Essay

Letter from Birmingham Jail by Martin Luther King - Essay Example The letter reveals the black leaders concur with the negotiations through the cities such as Southland continued to receive attacks by white racists. The acts of the group were untimely which gave the racial proliferations to continue in Birmingham and other cities. The differential tone of the letter is addressed by Martin reiterations about Negro injustices and impatience with the racial policies. Martin reveals even children know that white people discriminate against blacks. He wrote, â€Å"Daddy why do white people treat colored people so mean†.The period of endurance ran out for Martin and all black people who were on the receiving end. The movement wanted to confront the state of discrimination head one without thinking about the obvious repercussions. The writing also reveals that the differential Supreme laws irked Martin, which only required strict adherence by blacks and excluding the whites. Some of the laws were directed at the minority communities that consisted of black people. Heis discontented by the differential church actions that do not support the course of justice for all. The differential tone in Martin Luther King Jr. was inspired by social discrimination and segregation of blacks. The letter targets white church and political leaders in Birmingham who contributed to the success of segregation. The resolve to engage in direct action and to assert that the blacks have run out of patience supports the differential tone of the letter. He is quick use the term ‘Negroes’ in all his forceful addresses to the clergymen.

Abu Dhabi Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Abu Dhabi - Essay Example Its economic strength supersedes the world-wide financial crisis that had unfavourable effects in other regions. Its demography is characterized by almost 8-10 million inhabitants and a portentously ethnologically diverse populace. Its populace consists of Americans, Arabians, and Asian nationals. In terms of governance, the emirate has maintained a hereditary form of governance since its inception. Its executive council that largely constitutes of the ruling family members is the main decision-making organ in Abu Dhabi. In the last 10 years, Abu Dhabi has had noteworthy infrastructure and erection of major attractions. This has had substantial changes in the performance of the economy in the last decade. For instance, the occupancy rate in Dubai and Abu Dhabi has increased noticeably and the tourism rate has steadily intensified (Algethami, 2013). Abu Dhabi demonstrates a spot-on characterisation of distinction bearing in mind its enthralling past. The past ten years have been characterized by a massive influx of expatriates because it is considered a tax-haven. All its recent projects are more awesome than the one previously built. Previously, the labour force was based on the oil-based segment and was relatively underdeveloped. The nature of professions available was not diversified and were limited to a specific sector. However, the recent developments by subsidiaries means that more jobs are obtainable and the economy is open (ADCED, 2012). Lesser taxes and attractive infrastructure encourage investments in other sectors that are not oil-related. Abu Dhabi has strict laws that guide the importation of specific goods. Importers should familiarize themselves with these laws. In 2013, the value of imports into Abu Dhabi increased by 42.5 percent (Pantin, 2009, p. 1). This increase was supported by increased shipments of building materials, industrial equipment and machinery (Oxford Business Group, 2010, p. 21). Abu Dhabi’s non-oil exports were worth AED

English 2 Investor Relations Officer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

English 2 Investor Relations Officer - Essay Example The officers work in fast-paced environment and must have excellent communication, interpersonal and decision-making skills in order to adequately perform their duties. Self-confidence and emotional maturity enables the officer to maintain trust and build relationships with other stakeholders in the commercial real estate development industry (Marcus 145). The investor relation officer will interact with the senior management and his or her responsibilities include talking to analysts, planning presentations, designing corporate messages and establishing policies that will guide the corporate disclosures (Fitch 6). Investor relations officer is a challenging and competitive career that entails handling of a wide variety of corporate matters and communicating with various stakeholders in the industry. Thesis statement: Investor relations officer is a rewarding career that offers high personal growth and professional development opportunities for the job holder. Investor relation officer in commercial real estate development is tasked with providing information and managing communications with all stakeholders (Fitch 6). He or she maintains existing client relationships and identifies opportunities for the existing clients to use the commercial real estate development products. Investor relations offers accurate information on the earnings forecasts, annual and quarterly reports and strategy decisions of the company (Fitch 6). He or she is expected to prepare real estate development research reports on the emerging trends and distribute them through newsletters to the stakeholders. The investor relations officer deals with pension funds, insurance companies, lending financial institutions, and investors who own the company stocks (Fitch 6). Another critical task is managing press releases, investor materials and conferences. The investor relations officer is expected to enhance the corporate reputation and image through participating in cor porate events and

Business Start Up in Dubai

Business Start Up in Dubai Dubai internet city Introduction Why opt for Dubai Internet city Key Benefits of Dubai Internet City Expense of starting the business in Dubai Industry Potential Quickest developing ICT Regions in the globe Websites used Introduction Dubai Internet City (DIC) is the ICT centre point in the Middle East as well as Northern Africa. From the beginning of the year 2000, DIC was able to effectively create a flourishing biological system for engineering associations and was a kind of the heralds in taking the vision of Dubai for switching into a learning-based market. DIC is a hub to Fortune 500 organizations and MNCs, together with worldwide names, for example, Facebook along with Linkedin, and additionally a percentage of the districts largely dynamic and fruitful engineering SMEs and new companies as of all components of the ICT quality chain. DIC gives access to a far reaching multi-lingual ability group with an assortment of aptitudes and engineering skill. It gives colossal offices including condition of-the-workmanship business locales, a vigorous IT framework, 24-hour protection, retail administrations and lodgings, extended over the business parks interesting and peaceful countryside: an atmosphere that assists ICT organizations create, advance and develop. DIC has observed a strong activity to help and support business visionaries, new companies and SMEs by the production of the In5 advancement centre and First Steps business place. In5 plans to encourage and advance business enterprise and development keeping in mind the end goal to further create the innovation commence biological community in Dubai, giving base, right to use the financing, plus a self-motivated and captivating work space to industrialists. Why opt for Dubai Internet city DIC gives a far reaching biological system, base, and atmosphere for organizations who desire to start their ICT industry in the UAE. DIC presents a one-stop shop agreement, offering Business Partners the option to concentrate on their central actions including organization consolidation, exchange permit, licences to trade and visa administrations. One-Shop Stop Rapid Registration procedure Business integration License to sell Visa provisions Telecom and Internet provisions Data Services Talent administration Fitness, defence and security Services Organizations placed at DIC additionally appreciate an assemblage of free zone advantages together with 100% possession, nonexistence of business and individual income taxes or custom duties, and liberated repatriation of funds and earnings in any exchange notes. Organizations laid down in DIC delight in an atmosphere that draws in distinctive components of the essence chain from Banking and investment, Insurance, IT, lawful to Airways and generosity sectors. Key Benefits of Dubai Internet City 100 % exclusion from individual salary charge (income tax) for a long time i.e. 50 years 100 % exclusion from corporate assessments for a long time i.e. 50 years 100 % overseas proprietorship 100 % repatriation of earnings Metro Ethernet atmosphere Self-motivated universal group Prospects for business collaboration and expansion of economy Prospects for channel and business improvement Communications framework focused around cutting edge innovations Digital voice and quick data services presented at reasonable expenses Websites used http://www.dubaiinternetcity.com/ http://www.dubai.ae/en/Lists/Articles/DispForm.aspx?ID=109category=Businesses www.tecom.ae/portfolio/business-parks/dubai-internet-city/

Harmful Algae :: Geology

Abstract The purpose of this term paper is to provide information about the different kinds of algal blooms and their effect on our environment and ourselves. There are still a lot of things that are not known about the algal bloom phenomenon, and many different hypotheses have been presented to explain these. Throughout the course of this paper those hypotheses will be presented and discussed, allowing the reader to derive their own opinion about the origin of algal blooms and what will happen in the future. table of contents Table of Contents I. Harmful Algae II. What are Algal Blooms and Red Tides? III. Why do Algal Blooms occur? IV. What are the effects of Algal Blooms? V. Where and how often do Algal Blooms occur? VI. Resources I. Harmful Algae All algal species are not harmful. Only a few out of the thousands of species are associated with the phenomenon known as an algal bloom. These algae fall into two categories. The first category of harmful algae produces toxins that are released when ingested by animals or humans. The dinoflagellate Alexandrium tamarense (left) and the diatom Pseudo-nitzschia australis (right) are examples of toxin producing alga. The other category of harmful algae kill without toxins. These are equipped with structures such as spines and serrated edges that allow them to lodge in fish gill tissues. When this occurs it causes irritation which leads to overproduction of mucus which eventually leads to death. This Chaetoceros species (above) is an example of an algae that kills by using specialized serrated structures. back to table of contents II. What Are Algal Blooms and Red Tides? Algal blooms are when algae grows at a fast rate and accumulate near the surface, hence the term "algal bloom". The term "Red Tide" is a misnomer because it has nothing to do with the tides. It refers to a specific type of algal bloom that occurs when certain species of phytoplankton that contain red pigments "bloom" causing the water to look red. Red Tides are usually not harmful. The California Noctiluca Bloom is an example of a Red Tide back to table of contents III. Why Do algal blooms Occur? Scientists aren't exactly sure of how or why algal blooms get started. One theory is that when temperature, salinity, and nutrients reach certain levels there is a massive increase in the amount of algae.

Comparison Between International Law and National Law

Compare and contrast the strengths and weaknesses of national and international law. To what extent can they be said to be similar or different? Introduction The world has witnessed the development of law since times immemorial in response to growing interaction among the individuals resulting in a need for a framework to regulate their interactions in the territories they live in. Similarly, ever since the interaction between the states has increased, the evolution of International Law has evolved accordingly side by side the National Law regulating the relations among the states.The growing role of both National Law and International Law in their respective spheres and in intersecting spheres has given rise to a debate over their relation to each other. International Law: International Law is the law that governs the relations among states and other international legal persons, and regulates relations between states. The sources of International Law are customs grown up among state s and lawmaking treaties concluded by them.There is no â€Å"black or white† answer, the most agreed upon common ground for the description of sources is found, although not exhaustively, in article 38 of the Statute of the International Court of Justice. Stating that treaties are the main source, then come customs, after those general principles of law recognized by civilized countries, and finally judicial decisions and teachings of the most highly qualifies publicist of the various nations. National law: National law is the law of a state, which governs the domestic affairs of the state.The sources of Municipal Law are customs grown up within the boundaries of the state concerned and statutes enacted by the law giving authority. Municipal Law regulates relations between the individuals under the sway of a state and the relations between the state and the individual. Strengths and Weaknesses of International Law and National Law: 1. National law is conditioned by the fundam ental principle or rule that state legislation has to be obeyed, while International Law is conditioned by the principle â€Å"pacta sunt servanda† i. . agreements between states are to be respected—which leaves International Law helpless as to the implementation of its rules and regulations over the states in the absence of any enforcing body vis-a-vis National Law which has the state apparatus at its disposal for its implementation in the form of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Moreover, each nation can opt out of international treaties if it deems that it is not in line with its national interest, which exposes the major weakness of International Law. 2.International Law is slow to adapt to the changes that are taking place in the world and even slower to absorb changes and encompass them into its existing framework. To add to its problems, the states act individually in accepting any changes in its framework and have the option of not complying with the law if they do not agree to do so. Whereas the national law keeps on improving in response to the changing requirement of the society thus it is in sync with the cultural, economic, and political developments of the states. 3.The technological advancement and globalization have spawned new problems beyond the capacity of National Law to be solved such as the regulation of outer space, the division of the deep sea ground, the protection of human rights, anti-terrorist actions, the control of international finance system, the prevention of global warming etc. These issues have increased the relevance and importance of International Law in the contemporary world due to its wide range of jurisdiction as compared to the limited jurisdiction of National Law. 4.Question of priority: Scholars belonging to Dualist point of view assert that the two laws are not to supersede, but to coordinate with each other; therefore, there is no conflict between the two. If a case in which conflict arises betw een International Law and municipal law before an International Tribunal, the practice is to prefer the International Law over the municipal law. Where conflict arises in a case before a municipal Court (except where the state has adopted the International Law to supersede, by constitution or law), the national law is preferred. 5. Where does primacy reside: in International Law or in national law.If International Law has drawn its validity only from state constitution, it would necessarily cease its validity when authority rested upon disappears. But valid operation of International Law does not invalidate its importance and regard. For example, after Belgium became independent state, treaties had not lost their force despite internal constitutional changes. The International Law also asserts its supremacy when new states enter in international society and International Law binds them without their consents. Every state is duty bound to bring not only its laws but also its constitu tion in accordance with International Law. . In states, the practice as to apply International Law by municipal courts is different from each other. Some states have interpreted in their constitution to apply International Law and therefore, their courts are bound to apply International Law such as Germany, Korea, USA, etc. But in most states, the courts apply International Law conditioned upon the precedence and the practices of the state. Similarities Scholars belonging to the Monist view consider both the laws as a single unity composed of binding legal rules whether those rules are obligatory on states, on individuals, and on entities other than states.If it is generally accepted that International Law is a true law then there is no doubt to deny that the two systems constitute part of that unity. In the view of Kelson and other monist writers, there cannot be any escape from the position that the two systems, because they are both systems of legal rules, are interrelated parts of one legal structure. It is the duty of state to enforce the International Law as the state law in its jurisdiction. Just as National Law aims at building and maintaining an orderly society within a state, International Law aims at maintaining a peaceful stability of the global community.Differences There are two basic differences between the two systems: 1. Subject of law: In national law subjects are individuals whereas states are solely and exclusively subjects of International Law. 2. Juridical origin: In state, source of law is will of the individuals for which they are concerned while in international law source of law is common will of the states concerned. Thus this provides a base to the Positivist scholars to claim that the two systems are entirely different.National law mainly is based on judge made law and the statutes passed by legislature whereas International Law is comprised of the customary rules and treaties among the states. Malcolm Shaw delineates this differen ce by describing the legal apparatus of law as having a legal order enunciating that laws are created by a recognized legislating body, there is a hierarchical system of courts which sees to their enforcement, and there is an overarching executive governing entity above all citizens.This makes national law inherently hierarchical, and the organization of authority vertical. As for international law, it does not operate within the same legal order. It is not always created by a unique legislative body (although the UN General Assembly may create nonbinding multilateral agreements), nor tried in a unified judicial body with the power to apply legally binding sentences (even if there is the International Court of Justice and many other international courts), neither applied by an overarching international executive body.Additionally, it has no unified system of sanctions, other than the existence of certain circumstances in which the use of force is regarded as justified and legal (cha pter VII of the UN Charter). Reinforcing this point, Article 2 of the UN Charter states: The Organization is based on the principle of sovereign equality of all its Members, which means that there is no overarching authority recognized over them. The fact that all states are theoretically equal, makes the international system horizontal, as opposed to the vertical one of the national level.In this sense, if there is no overarching international authority to impose international law. Every state must give its consent in order to be bound by it. By doing so, a consenting state lets the international community know that it will follow the principles and directives of that law. Contrary to this, citizens are automatically bound by domestic law. No citizen needs to let other citizens know he will follow the rules. Conclusion: Each and every system is supreme in its own field and neither has dominance over the other. Arguments offered just provide a background to the complex relations bet ween the two systems.Three factors operate on the subject matter: Firstly, to what extent state organs are willing to apply rules of International Law internally and externally. Secondly, the difficulty of proving the existence of particular rules of International Law. In case of difficulty municipal courts may rely on advice from the executive or existing internal precedents, and the result may not be in accordance with an object appreciation of the law. Thirdly, courts, both municipal and international, will often be concerned with the more technical question as to which is the appropriate system to apply to particular issues arising.

Does Dancehall Music Affect The Society Negatively Essays

Does Dancehall Music Affect The Society Negatively Essays Does Dancehall Music Affect The Society Negatively Essay Does Dancehall Music Affect The Society Negatively Essay Does Dancehall Music Affect The Society Negatively A Greek philosopher once said, In argument, truth is born. Even though sometimes feelings and emotions come into play that confuse the issue at hand, usually an argument results in a new insight on the subject. Even if a person holds strong views that are unshaken by anything his adversary may say, he may nevertheless gain from the debate. It forces him to organize and analyze his views, leaving him with a clearer understanding of the subject than before. Further, his opponents arguments help him better appreciate his views and their differences. Finally, the argument forces both to look inwards, at their character and value system. For these reasons, I enjoy debating issues that are important to me and of which I hold strong views. One such issue receiving great national attention is the negative effect of Dancehall music on the society. While music and culture has always been important to the Jamaican community on a whole, and more specifically to the inner-city communities where the music is a major part of their socializing and recreational activity, the focus has been shifted from the point of origin of Dancehall music?s content to spotlight its destination, as well as cowardly intensify dancehall, society, music, views, negative, issue, people, origins, once, often, emotions, culture, argument, while, stigmas, one, important, ghettoes, genre, effect, class, between, accusation, year, wrong, world, way, violence, view, upper, sunday, subject, strong, songs, social

Expected Value for Chuck-a-Luck

Expected Value for Chuck-a-Luck Chuck-a-Luck is a game of chance. Three dice are rolled, sometimes in a wire frame. Due to this frame, this game is also called birdcage. This game is more often seen in carnivals rather than casinos. However, due to the use of random dice, we can use probability to analyze this game. More specifically we can calculate the expected value of this game. Wagers There are several types of wagers that are possible to bet on. We will only consider the single number wager. On this wager we simply choose a specific number from one to six. Then we roll the dice. Consider the possibilities. All of the dice, two of them, one of them or none could show the number that we have chosen. Suppose that this game will pay the following: $3 if all three dice match the number chosen.$2 if exactly two dice match the number chosen.$1 if exactly one of the dice matches the number chosen. If none of the dice matches the number chosen, then we must pay $1. What is the expected value of this game? In other words, in the long run how much on average would we expect to win or lose if we played this game repeatedly? Probabilities In order to find the expected value of this game we need to determine four probabilities. These probabilities correspond to the four possible outcomes. We note that each die is independent of the others. Due to this independence, we use the multiplication rule. This will help us in determining the number of outcomes. We also assume that the dice are fair. Each of the six sides on each of the three dice is equally likely to be rolled. There are 6 x 6 x 6 216 possible outcomes from rolling these three dice. This number will be the denominator for all of our probabilities. There is one way to match all three dice with the number chosen. There are five ways for a single die to not match our chosen number. This means that there are 5 x 5 x 5 125 ways for none of our dice to match the number that was chosen. If we consider exactly two of the dice matching, then we have one die that does not match. There are 1 x 1 x 5 5 ways for the first two dice to match our number and the third to be different.There are 1 x 5 x 1 5 ways for the first and third dice to match, with the second be different.There are 5 x 1 x 1 5 ways for the first die to be different and for the second and third to match. This means that there is a total of 15 ways for exactly two dice to match. We now have calculated the number of ways to obtain all but one of our outcomes. There are 216 rolls possible. We have accounted for 1 15 125 141 of them. This means that there are 216 -141 75 remaining. We collect all of the above information and see: The probability our number matches all three dice is 1/216.The probability our number matches exactly two dice is 15/216.The probability our number matches exactly one die is 75/216.The probability our number matches none of the dice is 125/216. Expected Value We are now ready to calculate the expected value of this situation. The formula for expected value requires us to multiply the probability of each event by the net gain or loss if the event occurs. We then add all of these products together. The calculation of the expected value is as follows: (3)(1/216) (2)(15/216) (1)(75/216) (-1)(125/216) 3/216 30/216 75/216 -125/216 -17/216 This is approximately -$0.08. The interpretation is that if we were to play this game repeatedly, on average we would lose 8 cents each time that we played.

Packaging and Pricing Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Packaging and Pricing Strategy - Essay Example Concepts have helped to make Lowes Home Improvement Stores the second largest home improvement retailer in the world today.(Fortune, 2008) Lowes constant drive toward market branding has influenced and helped many manufacturers to improve their individual products. One firm that has successfully integrated into the Lowes paradigm is Green Fiber. Lowe’s Home Improvement Warehouse is an American-based chain of retail home improvement and appliance stores. The Mooresville, North Carolina-based chain has grown from a tiny hardware store into the world’s second-largest home improvement retailer.(Fortune, 2008) Lowe’s is ranked 48 in the 2008 Fortune 500 Largest Corporations in America. (Fortune, 2008) The company has grown nationwide and today, its stores offer around 40,000 products in stock and even more products are available through their Special Order Service.(Lowes, 2013) One of unique branding success stories within the Lowes family is Green Fiber. Green Fiber has developed the capacity to turn what has previously been an environmental "problem" into a major commodity in the building products industry. Green Fibers natural fiber insulation offers a substantial environmental benefit: made from 85 percent recycled paper fiber, Green Fiber insulation products divert millions of tons of paper from landfill each year.(Green Fiber, 2013) As a natural fiber blow-in insulation made with no harmful chemicals, Green Fiber insulation products provide a safe option for builders and DIY homeowners that wish to improve the efficiency of their home insulation without introducing chemically treated materials.(Green Fiber, 2013) Green Fiber Cellulose Insulation provides a smart environmentally-friendly choice for home upgrades and new construction. Cellulose insulation is a cost-effective alternative to conventional fiberglass insulation.

Mass media and child labour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 11250 words

Mass media and child labour - Essay Example The overall image that emerges from the literature on both topics was that child labour is a very real problem and that the media has the power to try and help eradicate the worst forms of it. Therefore, the objective of this dissertation was to examine to what extent the mass media as a communication tool influence society’s perception on businesses involved in child labour. This was done by using qualitative research methods in the form of six individual in-depth interviews and two focus groups made up of three children in each. The purpose of which to answer the deeper, more probing questions of; (1) If media exposure to the issue of child labour influences the public’s opinion on the companies involved; (2) What industry has the highest visibility in the media and (3) Is it important to consumers whether or not a company practices Corporate Social Responsibility. The finding revealed that media exposure to the issue of child labour did in fact influence how they viewed the companies that were being named. Furthermore, that the industry that the respondents viewed as being more visible in the media was that of retail. Lastly, it was extremely important to them for companies to act ethically. The implications of this dissertation is that it reveals the little power one individual has on influencing the practices of a company as despite the empathy that one feels alternative chooses are not readily available. Nonetheless, this dissertation for companies should worry them as the same way in which riots broke out after Primark’s scandal was broadcast the same could follow suit. However, this dissertation goes further to show companies that it need not be hard or expensive to implement best practice procedure to ensure that nowhere in their supply chain is a company that is associated with child labour. Corporate communication encompasses a number